The conventional medical model used most often in the US is not the only or oldest system of medicine in the world. Healing systems from ancient China, India, Greece, and Egypt date back thousands of years and employ a variety of modalities designed to treat and care for the entirety of the patient: body, mind, and spirit. Not only rich in history, many of these systems are also deeply entrenched in nature, tradition, customs, culture, faith, spirituality, and community.
While a handful of modalities have been welcomed into Western Medicine practice, many aspects of these ancient healing approaches have been left behind. A common thread among these medical philosophies is individualizing the care for each patient, and this personalization makes clinical research challenging. Additionally, healing substances derived from nature cannot be patented as easily as lab-created compounds, and without patent protection, biopharmaceutical companies face financial hesitation in pursuing the research, development, and marketing of natural substances. Clinical research and development are expensive, lengthy ventures but they are necessary for a product to gain approval from the FDA for use as a standard of care treatment option, and biopharmaceutical companies must weigh the financial risks and benefits for each substance they consider. If consumers can easily grow it in their backyards for pennies, XYZ Pharma may be reticent to invest millions of dollars and many years to study it, and determine its safety, proper dosing, efficacy, side effects, drug interactions, and potential uses.
When we consume an herb, medication, or food, the active ingredients interact with our bodies on a molecular level. They may activate or block cellular activities, they may turn specific genes on or off, they may bind with receptors on a cell's surface to initiate or inhibit a cascade of events, they may work more effectively in a buddy system with other substances, or they may compete with other substances in the body for the same "parking spot." There's a lot going on and a lot to evaluate from a biomedical perspective, especially considering that Substance A may behave differently in your body than it does in mine. Individual variations in genetics, genomics, epigenetics, metabolism, race, ethnicity, gender, medical history, and overall health all factor in to how our bodies process, interact with, use, and rid themselves of natural and man-made substances. There is very rarely a one-size-fits-all, works-100%-of-the-time solution to minor or major physiological problems--we are too complex. Water would be an exception to that principle.
Examples of Whole Body Medicine Systems:
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Ayurvedic Medicine
Naturopathic Medicine
Holistic Medicine
Natural Medicine
Homeopathic Medicine
Functional Medicine
Why do cancer patients turn to integrative whole body systems like Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Homeopathy, or Anthroposophic Medicine?
What are some modalities used in integrative whole body medicine systems?
According to The American Association of Naturopathic Physicians, "Naturopathic medicine is a distinct practice of medicine that emphasizes prevention and the self-healing process to treat each person holistically and improve outcomes while lowering health care costs. Naturopathic doctors are educated and trained in accredited naturopathic medical colleges."
According to the Oncology Association of Naturopathic Physicians, "Naturopathic Doctors (NDs) trained in integrative cancer care play an important role in the support of people diagnosed with cancer through survivorship. They provide evidence-informed guidance on the safe and effective use of natural and supportive therapies when combined with conventional treatment. Combining naturopathic and conventional medicine supports the pursuit of the best possible outcomes for patients. Goals are to improve quality of life, manage side effects, help speed recovery, prevent a recurrence, and provide education for a healthy lifestyle."
According to the American Institute of Homeopathy, "Homeopathy, or Homeopathic Medicine, is the practice of medicine that embraces a holistic, natural approach to the treatment of the sick. Homeopathy is holistic because it treats the person as a whole, rather than focusing on a diseased part or a labeled sickness. Homeopathy is natural because its remedies are produced according to the U.S. FDA-recognized Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United States from natural sources, whether vegetable, mineral, or animal in nature."
According to the National Ayurvedic Medical Association, "The Sanskrit term Ayurveda translates to “knowledge of life,” and the principles of this ancient wisdom remind us that the entire web of life is intricately interwoven. With a unique emphasis on total wellness, the art and science of Ayurveda work to harmonize our internal and external worlds. Our five senses serve as the portals between the internal and external realms, as the five great elements of ether, air, fire, water, and earth dance the dance of creation around and within us. Ayurveda groups these five elements into three basic types of energy and functional principles that are present in everybody and everything. Since there are no single words in English to describe these principles; we use the Sanskrit words Vata, Pitta, and Kapha to describe their combinations. Leveraging these basic principles, Ayurveda customizes preventative wellness to the unique constitution of every individual. In addition, ancient Ayurvedic doctors produced detailed descriptions of acute and chronic conditions (complete with causes, signs, and symptoms), and developed extensive holistic treatment protocols."
According to Mount Sinai, "Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a complete medical system that has been used to diagnose, treat, and prevent illnesses for more than 2,000 years. TCM is based on a belief in yin and yang, defined as opposing energies, such as earth and heaven, winter and summer, and happiness and sadness. When yin and yang are in balance, you feel relaxed and energized. Out of balance, however, yin and yang negatively affect your health. Practitioners also believe that there is a life force or energy, known as qi (pronounced "chee"), in every body. For yin and yang to be balanced and for the body to be healthy, qi must be balanced and flowing freely. When there is too little or too much qi in one of the body's energy pathways, called meridians, or when the flow of qi is blocked, it causes illness.
The ultimate goal of TCM treatment is to balance yin and yang by promoting the natural flow of qi. In an interesting analogy, often used to explain its nature, qi is described as the wind in a sail, we do not see the wind directly, but we are aware of its presence as it fills the sail."
According to the Anthroposophic Health Association, "Anthroposophic Medicine is integrative medicine. It is rooted in the science-based medicine, but takes into account the whole human being in its method, diagnosis and therapy. It pays equal attention to the body, soul and spirit of the patient, recognizing the person's unique biography. Anthroposophic Medicine was established by Dr. Rudolf Steiner and Dr. Ita Wegman in 1920. Since then it has been continuously developed further in clinics and hospitals worldwide. This whole-person approach incorporates medicine, nursing, naturopathy, psychology, art, music, singing, speech, movement and massage therapies as elements of a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach, with shared concepts for diagnosis and therapy. Anthroposophic medicine and therapeutics are practiced in over 60 countries around the world. Each health professional is fully credentialed, for example as a doctor, nurse, or massage therapist. In addition, these professionals add a holistic, anthroposophic perspective to their care."
Conventional, or Western Medicine, is what is practiced most commonly in the United States. In Conventional Medicine, health care services are carried out by physicians, nurses, mid-level providers, therapists, surgeons, and other medical professionals who use medication, surgery, radiation, and various forms of therapy to prevent and treat conditions. This system is evidence-based and relies heavily on scientific and clinical research.
There's more in store for this page so please stay tuned. In the meantime, please take advantage of the resource collection below to learn more about the different whole body medicine systems, locating providers, and more.
If you haven't yet, please check out our Newly Diagnosed page for a thorough overview of the early cancer experience.
We regularly review these resources to make sure that all links work correctly and are of value to our visitors. If you find a link that isn't working, please email coral@oncologyoffense.com. If you would like us to consider adding a resource to our list, please email us with details.
Complementary & Alternative Medicine (CAM) Therapies A-Z from NCI
CAM Therapies: A-Z | Health Information | OCCAM (cancer.gov)
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)
Office of Complementary & Alternative Medicine OCCAM (National Cancer Institute) OCCAM is responsible for NCI’s research agenda in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as it relates to cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and symptom management.
About Herbs Database (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center) is a tool for the public as well as healthcare professionals, and can help you figure out the value of using common herbs and other dietary supplements. A pharmacist and botanicals expert manages and continually updates the database with assistance from other MSK Integrative Medicine Service experts, providing you with objective and evidence-based information that can be helpful in judging a product’s: traditional and proven uses, potential benefits, possible adverse effects, and interactions with other herbs or medicines
American Academy of Medical Acupuncture
HOME - American Academy of Medical Acupuncture (AAMA)
American Association of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine
AAAOM - Home (aaaomonline.org)
American Holistic Medical Association
Ayurvedic Medicine: In-Depth (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health)
Ayurvedic Medicine: In Depth | NCCIH (nih.gov)
Association of Ayurvedic Professionals of North America
AAPNA - AAPNA - Association of Ayurvedic Professionals of North America, Inc.
National Ayurvedic Medical Association
Ayurvedic Certification Programs — National Ayurvedic Medical Association (ayurvedanama.org)
American Association of Ayurvedic Professionals
The Ayurvedic Institute
Foundation for Alternative and Integrative Medicine
Traditional Chinese Medicine: What You Need to Know (NCCIH)
Traditional Chinese Medicine: What You Need To Know | NCCIH (nih.gov)
Alliance for Natural Health USA
Alliance for Natural Health USA - Protecting Natural Health (anh-usa.org)
American Association of Naturopathic Physicians
American Association of Naturopathic Physicians
Institute for Natural Medicine
Institute for Natural Medicine - Guide to Natural Health (naturemed.org)
Oncology Association of Naturopathic Physicians
Academy of Integrative Health & Medicine
American Institute of Homeopathy
Welcome - American Institute of Homeopathy (homeopathyusa.org)
Find an Acupuncture or Herbal Medicine Practitioner (National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine)
Find an Anthroposophic Medical Provider: Physicians’ Association for Anthroposophic Medicine (PAAM) (MDs, DOs, NPs, PAs)
https://www.anthrohealth.org/directory1
Society of Physicians of Anthroposophic Naturopathy (SPAN)
Anthroposophical Society in America
Steiner Health Steiner Health is a 501(c)[3] nonprofit founded in Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1997. The organization was founded on the principles of Anthroposophic medicine, empowering patients, creating a space for therapies and education, and providing financially accessible alternative and complementary medicine.
AnthroMed Library is a repository for articles, audio, and video relating to Anthroposophic medicine. Sponsored by PAAM
Oncology Care: International Federation of Anthroposophic Medical Associations (IVAA) A cancer diagnosis is a difficult, fear-inducing prospect for any patient. Fortunately, there are many effective treatment options for cancer, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. Unfortunately, managing cancer means coping with not only the disease, but also its side-effects – many of which may be caused by the treatments themselves. These include cancer-related fatigue (CRF), weight loss, insomnia and other sleep difficulties, cognitive dysfunction, and distress. The Anthroposophic approach to cancer care is integrative, using both conventional treatments such as chemotherapy in conjunction with Anthroposophic treatments designed to ease the patient’s suffering and address the important emotional and spiritual impact of the cancer.
https://www.ivaa.info/key-issues/oncology/
How Naturopathic Oncology Supports Patients at All Stages of Cancer Care
Traditional Chinese medicine as a cancer treatment: Modern perspectives of ancient but advanced science (literature review, 2019, Cancer Medicine journal)
Integrating Acupuncture Into a Cancer Treatment Plan (ASCO Daily News 2023) "In the management of symptoms related to cancer, evidence for the use of acupuncture continues to increase. A meta-analysis of 10 RCTs published in 2017 found a significant reduction in cancer-related fatigue in patients undergoing acupuncture (compared with sham controls and usual care). In 2020, a systemic review and meta-analysis of 17 RCTs found that, compared with a sham acupuncture control group, real acupuncture was significantly associated with reduced cancer pain and reduced use of analgesic medications. In 2021, the PEACE trial found that acupuncture produced greater pain relief than usual care for chronic musculoskeletal pain among survivors of cancer. A 2021 meta-analysis of 20 RCTs involving patients with breast cancer indicated that, compared with waitlist control and usual care, acupuncture led to significant reductions in pain intensity, fatigue, depression, hot flash severity, and neuropathy (Table 1)."
https://dailynews.ascopubs.org/do/integrating-acupuncture-into-cancer-treatment-plan
Acupuncture: What You Need to Know (NIH- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health)
https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/acupuncture-what-you-need-to-know
A 4-Month Whole-Systems Ayurvedic Medicine Nutrition and Lifestyle Intervention Is Feasible and Acceptable for Breast Cancer Survivors: Results of a Single-Arm Pilot Clinical Trial (Dhruva A, Wu C et al. Glob Adv Health Med. 2020 Dec) This 4-month Ayurvedic whole-systems multimodal nutrition and lifestyle intervention was feasible and acceptable for breast cancer survivors. Promise of clinical benefit was seen in terms of improvements in symptoms and QOL that warrants further investigation.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7716077/
Practice Patterns on the Incorporation of Integrative Medicine Into the Oncologic Care of Patients With Cancer (Narayanan, Santhosshi et al. Integrative cancer therapies vol. 22 (2023)) With rising interest in complementary approaches to symptom management, awareness of real-world practice patterns in the incorporation of integrative oncology (IO) into cancer care is limited. Therefore, we examined the reasons for referral, symptom burdens, and clinical outcomes for cancer patients who underwent initial IO consultations.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10657516/
Anthroposophic Medicine, an Introduction; and a Book Review of Anthroposophy and Science (Bartelme, Ricardo R.. Integrative Medicine: A Clinician's Journal vol. 16,4 (2017): 42–46.) Anthroposophic medicine (AM) is a multimodal and individualized medical system of healing that comes out of Europe and its Western intellectual and scientific traditions as well as its natural healing systems of the time. It was originally conceived as an extension of conventional medicine to include the very real, but nonmaterial, aspects of the human being. The scientific achievements of biomedicine have always been recognized, but AM states that there is much more to the human being besides their physical or even biological aspects. AM shows that the essential aspects of a human being are 4-fold, consisting not only of a physical body where material substances and forces are at play, but also consisting of a “life body” where emergent properties of biology and development occur; a “soul” where emergent properties of mind, feelings, and consciousness occur; and a human spirit or individuality of a person where the self with self-consciousness, the “I” of the person, resides in one’s inner being.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6415628/
Addressing Patient Requests to Add Dietary Supplements to Their Cancer Care—A Suggested Approach (Frenkel, Moshe et al. Nutrients vol. 15,24 5029. 7 Dec. 2023) Dietary supplements are widely utilized by cancer patients as part of a complementary and integrative approach to their healthcare. However, a significant portion of patients refrain from discussing their supplement use with their physicians, often due to the perceived indifference or negativity of their healthcare providers. This communication gap exposes patients to unreliable information sources and potential risks associated with uninformed supplementation.
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